这篇文章介绍了一下如何在Vmare下添加或扩展磁盘并使之有效。
环境创建Linux时分配磁盘空间随着使用的增加，使用率逐渐升高，此时需要在添加或者扩展一下磁盘。
比如：此Linux(CentOS 7.3)的磁盘目前已经使用到接近80%
[root@mail ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) [root@mail ~]# dfFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/cl_angular-root 17811456 13985948 3825508 79% /devtmpfs 1521180 0 1521180 0% /devtmpfs 1532160 0 1532160 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1532160 8776 1523384 1% /runtmpfs 1532160 0 1532160 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 1038336 123500 914836 12% /boottmpfs 306432 0 306432 0% /run/user/0[root@mail ~]#扩展磁盘或者添加磁盘
Vmware下有两种方式：
添加磁盘扩展磁盘注意：扩展磁盘需要在此虚拟机停止的状态下进行，同时扩展的数字是扩展后的预期大小，比如事前为20G，希望扩展10G，应该输入30。这篇文章使用扩展磁盘的方式。
确认状态扩展后，重新启动linux，使用fdisk确认磁盘空间是否已经扩展
[root@mail ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0x0005ba89 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVMDisk /dev/mapper/cl_angular-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/cl_angular-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes[root@mail ~]#
可以看到“Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB”，已经扩展了10G空间。
格式化分区[root@mail ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Command (m for help): nPartition type: p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free) e extendedSelect (default p): pPartition number (3,4, default 3): First sector (41943040-62914559, default 41943040): Using default value 41943040Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (41943040-62914559, default 62914559): Using default value 62914559Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is setCommand (m for help): tPartition number (1-3, default 3): 3Hex code (type L to list all codes): L 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8eChanged type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used atthe next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)Syncing disks.[root@mail ~]#执行 partprobe或者重启
执行 partprobe命令用于将磁盘分区表变化信息通知内核，并请求操作系统重新加载分区表，可以避免必须重新启动的问题，这里我们reboot一下。
分区确认通过fdisk可以确认到已经添加了sda3
[root@mail ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0x0005ba89 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM/dev/sda3 41943040 62914559 10485760 8e Linux LVMDisk /dev/mapper/cl_angular-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/cl_angular-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes[root@mail ~]#总结
这篇文章介绍了如何vmware下如何扩展磁盘，及后面如何去做分区格式化的一个过程，有时间的朋友可以测试下。
后面会分享更多运维干货，感兴趣的朋友可以关注下！！