在采购的实际工作和学习中，采购人员经常都会遇到一些专业术语，其中一些术语可能是常见的，但有一些术语是少用的，也许很多的采购人员都不太清楚它们的具体意思，特别是英文术语，不少采购人员更是难以理解。这里鑫阳供应链的小编根据CPPM注册职业采购经理的学习资料，整理的一些采中英文采购专业术语的解释，供大家学习参考！
ABC ANALYSIS 存货价值控制 ABC 分析
Application of Pareto's Law, or the 80/20 rule. ABC analysis, as related to inventory, is simply a determination of the relative ratios between the number of items and the dollar value of theitems purchased repetitively for stock. In most organizations,5-10% of the items (\"A\" items) account for 75-80% of the investment; the next 15-20% of the items (\"B\" items) account for 20-25% of the investment; and the remaining 75-80% of the items (\"C\" items) account for 5-10% of the investment.Inventories should be managed accordingly, with more emphasisplaced on the strategic management of the \"A\" items.
ABC 分析是应用柏拉图定律，或 80/20 的比例原则，将经常性存货计算出每一项目占总存货项目，以及总存货金额的比例。一般而言，5–10%的项目(称为 A 项目)占总存货金额的75–80%，20–25%的项目(称为 B 项目)占总存货金额的 15–20%，而70–75%的项目(称为 C项目)占总存货金额的 5–10%。存货必须依照其所占之不同比例来管理，并应将重点放在A项目的策略管理上。更恰当一点的描述应该是「重大的采购金额(80%)，是发生在主要的少数项目(20%)上面」。其主要的目的是在帮助管理者确认，那些采购项目才是值得投注努力，而能获得更高更大的效益，也在协助采购进行重点式的管理。
ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE 绝对利益
A competitive strength enjoyed by a country as a result of a natural endowment that other countries do not have.
一个国家因为具有优于其它国家之天然资源，所产生的竞争优势。假设今有甲、乙两贸易国，并以生产 A、B 两商品而言，等量资本投注在甲国生产 A 商品的劳动生产力，高于乙国生产 A 商品的劳动生产力，那么甲国则具有生产此 A 商品的「绝对利益」。
ACCEPTANCE TESTING 允收抽样
A statistical quality control technique used to evaluate the overall condition of a given lot by inspecting only a portion or sample of the lot.
一种统计品管的方法，藉由检验特定批量中的一部份或样本，来评估其总体质量的情况。抽样可以依据前批或前数批检验结果进行加严或放宽，针对人力物力可有效运用。
ACCEPTANCE 接受
The intentional indication of an offeree to be bound by the terms of an offer.
受报价者展示其承认报价者条款约束力的意图。
ACCESSORIAL CHARGES 附属费用
Costs that carriers may charge in addition to the transportation cost. They include single shipment,inside delivery, notification, and storage and redelivery charges.
运输公司在运输成本之外，所附加的费用，包括单次运送，内部交付，运送通知，以及储存与转运的费用。
ACCOUNTING SYSTEM 会计系统
The combination of records and procedures that discover, record, classify, and report information about the financial position and operations of an organization.
公司透过纪录与程序的结合来，揭露，纪录，分类，及报告其财务状况与营运情况。
ACCULTURATION 文化适应
The process of becoming familiar with another culture.
熟悉另一种文化的过程。
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 承认书
A communication (written or electronic) used to inform the buyer that the supplier has accepted a purchase order. An acknowledgment creates a bilateral contract, as long as the terms of the acknowledgment are not substantively different from those of the purchase order.
供货商用来通知接受买方订单的单据。只要承认书中的条件与买方订单所载没有实质上的差异，承认书即代表着双边协议的达成。
ACQUISITION COST 取得成本
In the context of economic order quantity (EOQ) analysis, acquisition cost includes all costs associated with generating and processing an order and its related paperwork. In a broader management sense, acquisition costs are the sum of the ordering, transporting, handling, and all inventory holding costs associated with the acquisition of a material.
在经济订购量(E.O.Q.)分析里，「取得成本」包含了产生及处理订单所有花费的成本，以及其相关的文书作业。从管理的广义角度来看，「取得成本」则是与取得物料相关的订购、运输、搬运、及所有存货持有成本的成本总和。
ACQUISITION PROCESS 取得程序
The series of activities involved in obtaining necessary inputs for an organization. Key steps are:(1) determination of need; (2) communication of need; (3) identification of potential sources; (4)solicitation and evaluation of bids and proposals; (5) preparation of the purchase order; (6)follow-up and expediting; (7) receipt and inspection; (8) clearing the invoice and payment; and (9)maintenance of records.
为组织取得营运所需而采取的一系列的作业活动。主要的步骤包括：(1)提出请购需求，确定需求内容；(2) 与使用单位沟通需求的细节；(3)寻找并确定有潜力的供应厂商；(4) 发出询价通知并审核报价，开标，并确认得标供货商；(5) 准备及发出采购订单，供货商签回并确认交期；(6) 订单的跟催与催货；(7) 供货商交货、收货、检验、入库；(8) 付款并结案；(9) 采购记录归档。